Chocolate makers such as Hershey and Mondelēz face tougher trading conditions over the next year as they attempt to pass on soaring cocoa costs to cash-strapped consumers who are cutting back.
The industry has enjoyed bumper profits over the past couple of years as demand for chocolate held up despite price hikes, but data seen by Reuters shows this trend may be breaking just as prices for cocoa hit 46-year-highs and sugar prices are near their highest in more than a decade.
Consumers in Europe and North America have already seen price increases of 13% and 20%, respectively, over the past two years and are starting to cut back on the amount of chocolate they buy, data pulled for Reuters by market researchers Nielsen IQ shows.
Consumers are "shopping around more, hoping to find deals," Mondelēz CEO Dirk Van de Put said last month.
Cadbury-maker Mondelēz expects inflation in cocoa and sugar to continue. In response, the company said it is ensuring it is significantly hedged and continuing to drive productivity.
"The increase in sugar and cocoa specifically is material," Mondelēz CFO Luca Zaramella said in July. "We are talking about most likely a 30-plus percent (increase) if you look at the last 12 months, or even more, particularly in cocoa."
But after more than two years of higher prices, retailers are pushing back, analysts said, resulting in a battle that puts chocolatiers' margins and profitability at risk.
One such battle resulted in Mondelēz previously pulling Cadbury and Milka bars from Belgian supermarket chain Colruyt's shelves after failing to agree on prices.
"I don't know if it's going to be as clear cut as being able to take pricing wherever they want," Barclays analyst Patrick Folan said.
Starting To Trade Down
Chocolate makers are banking on the traditional resilience of their product to price increases. Mondelēz raised its annual revenue growth forecasts last month while Hershey hiked its profit forecast.
"Now that pricing is 100% secured, we expect volume and revenue growth, as well as margin improvement for Europe," Zaramella said, after Mondelēz resolved its spat with Colruyt.
However, Mondelēz' chocolate sales volume growth has weakened substantially this year – from 14.8% in the four weeks to 25 February to 3.2% in the four weeks to 15 July year-on-year – even as it kept its price rises in the low double digits, according to a Bernstein analysis of Nielsen data seen by Reuters.
The data showed Hershey's sales volumes increasingly declined during the period as the company hiked prices.
Barry Callebaut, the world's biggest chocolate maker supplying most major brands including Nestle, doesn't expect any growth in sales volumes this year. It reported last month that volumes fell 2.7% in the nine months ended 31 May.
Private-Label Chocolate
Meanwhile, lower priced 'private label' chocolate continues to pick up market share.
In the US, private label sales volumes grew nearly 9% in the year to mid-June despite near double-digit price rises, IRI data shows.
Hershey's already-announced price hikes for the rest of 2023 are in the "high single digits," while those for next year are "low single digits," CEO Michele Buck said in July.
Pennsylvania-based Hershey, is hoping that as it eases off the rate of price hikes, its sales volumes will reverse their current downtrend. It is planning to lean on automation to keep its costs of production down, it said.
Rabobank says those cost pressures could continue into next year due to the El Nino weather event in West Africa and the lack of alternate producers who can ramp up output quickly.
Top cocoa producers Ivory Coast and Ghana have faced drought, excess rains and disease for the past two years. They produce two thirds of the world's cocoa and officials are struggling to help farmers cope with climate conditions. A 2019 'living income' scheme has been largely ineffective.
