Shopper Lexie Mayewski is having a hard time finding frozen french fries in Washington, DC-area supermarkets in the wake of coronavirus-fuelled stockpiling.
On the other side of the country, Washington state farmer Mike Pink is weighing whether to plough under 30,000 tonnes of potatoes worth millions of dollars that would have been turned into french fries for fast-food chains like McDonald's Corp , Wendy's Co and Chick-fil-A.
Their incongruent experiences underscore how America's highly specialised and inflexible retail and foodservice supply chains are contributing to food shortages and waste in the wake of demand disruptions from the COVID-19 pandemic that has killed almost 50,000 people in the United States.
Shortage In Supermarkets
Frozen french fry sales at grocery stores spiked 78.6% for the four-week period ended 4 April, according to Nielsen data, resulting in shortages at many US supermarkets.
Mayewski, 25, a construction manager, has not seen frozen fries at the Giant Food or Safeway supermarkets near her Maryland home.
"There's not a single french fry to be found," said Mayewski, whose supply of frozen shoestring and waffle fries was running low.
Frozen fries are an ideal pandemic staple - offering comfort, convenience and long-shelf life for US families accustomed to fast-food meals and school cafeteria lunches.
Main Hurdle
The main hurdle is the extra-large size of foodservice packages that are meant for kitchens that turn out dozens if not hundreds of meals each day.
"Think Costco, but bigger," said International Foodservice Distributors Association (IFDA) CEO Mark Allen, referring to the oversized products sold at warehouse retailer Costco Wholesale Corp.
Nondescript foodservice packaging also does not have the ingredient and nutrition labels required by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) or the bar codes needed in grocery checkout lanes.
While the FDA has said it would temporarily relax labelling rules and protect consumers with food allergies, foodservice suppliers still face significant hurdles switching to retail-friendly formats.
New equipment for packing and labelling product is expensive, and plastic containers are in short supply.
Frezzers Full Of Fries
Kraft Heinz Co's Ore-Ida, the main producer of frozen fries for supermarkets, is rushing to bolster supplies.
"Our Ore-Ida factory is running at full capacity to keep up with demand," Kraft spokesman Michael Mullen said.
At the same time, major fast-food french fry suppliers McCain Foods, J.R. Simplot Co and Lamb Weston Holdings Inc are canceling potato orders.
Fast-food suppliers' freezers are full of frozen fries, hash browns and potato skins and their storage sheds are packed with potatoes, farmers and experts told Reuters.
Their demand is down because four in 10 US restaurants are closed, as are schools, hotels and workplaces. Fast-food chains are doing drive-through only, and with no set date for lifting stay-at-home orders, the outlook for the foodservice industry is dim.
Lamb Weston, McCain and Simplot - which supply the lion's share of McDonald's french fries - did not respond to requests for comment. Lamb Weston also does retail sales.
Canceled Orders
Pink, who farms near Pasco, Washington, said fast-food french fry suppliers canceled orders for 1,000 acres of potatoes. He has already invested $2.5 million on those crops.
Each acre produces roughly 30 tonnes of potatoes and getting them ready for sale would cost Pink another $1.5 million. He may have to plow the potatoes under - adding to food destruction in the US produce and dairy sectors.
"Do I continue to invest or do I stop and try to minimise my loss?" asked Pink. "It's just devastating."
The National Potato Council said there are $750 million to $1.3 billion in potatoes and potato products clogged in the pipeline.
'A Huge Challenge'
"It's a huge challenge. Nobody was prepared. Nobody could imagine that this could happen," Rabobank food analyst, JP Frossard said.
Grocery consultants and retailers told Reuters that foodservice products like toilet paper, cleaning supplies and meat have found their way into the retail channel, while many others have not.
Compounding problems, most foodservice operators do not have connections at supermarkets - where adding a new product can take several months.
"It would be a Herculean task," Allen said of rerouting supplies. And with all the uncertainty around demand, he added, "the investment would be tough to justify."
